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Congress: ECR25
Poster Number: C-23763
Type: Poster: EPOS Radiologist (scientific)
Authorblock: A. Giri, P. C. P. Joshi; Pune/IN
Disclosures:
Ashana Giri: Nothing to disclose
Priscilla Col Priscilla Joshi: Nothing to disclose
Keywords: Abdomen, Kidney, Urinary Tract / Bladder, CT, Diagnostic procedure, Calcifications / Calculi
Purpose Introduction:Globally, around 80% of kidney stones are a combination of   calcium with phosphate or oxalate. Uric acid stones constitute about 9%, struvite stones 10%, and cystine-containing stones approximately 1% of all kidney stones.Differentiating tissues on computed tomography (CT) can be challenging due to overlapping linear attenuation coefficients (µ) at a specific x-ray energy, which depend on material composition, mass density, and photon energies. Basic Principle of Material Differentiation in DECT:The attenuation of x-rays by a material depends on its atomic number...
Read more Methods and materials This was a  prospective observational study  conducted on 70 patients over a period of 18 months. [fig 4] DECT scans were performed using dual-energy protocols at  140 kVp and 80 kVp. [fig 5] The attenuation profiles of various calculi (calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine, and mixed composition) were analyzed and compared with biochemical analysis post-surgical extraction. [fig 6] [fig 7] [fig 8]  
Read more Results Out of the 70 patients enrolled, 55 were male (78.6%) and 15 were female (21.4%).  [fig 11] Calculi location and incidence: [fig 12] Our study showed that calcium oxalate calculi have the broadest HU range (376–2049). Mixed calculi range from 286 to 1089 HU, while uric acid calculi have a narrower range of 332 to 1435 HU. Cystine calculi range from 1031 to 1407 HU, and calcium calculi show values between 1095 and 1934 HU. [fig 1] The chemical composition of 50 calculi was calcium oxalate- the most common...
Read more Conclusion DECT is an effective, non-invasive tool for preoperative evaluation of renal calculi, accurately determining stone composition to guide treatment plans.For uric acid stones, DECT's precise analysis enables non-surgical management through medication that alkalinizes urine and dissolves the calculi.Dietary modifications include reducing the intake of purine-rich foods such as red meat, shellfish, and certain fish, which can raise uric acid levels. [fig 13] Increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and high-fiber foods can help lower the risk of uric acid stones.Adequate hydration is crucial...
Read more References Agostini A, Borgheresi A, Mari A, Floridi C, Bruno F, Carotti M, Schicchi N, Barile A, Maggi S, Giovagnoni A. Dual-energy CT: theoretical principles and clinical applications. Radiol Med. 2019 Dec;124(12):1281-1295. doi: 10.1007/s11547-019-01107-8. Epub 2019 Dec 2. PMID: 31792703.Abu-Omar A, Murray N, Ali IT, Khosa F, Barrett S, Sheikh A, Nicolaou S, Tamburrini S, Iacobellis F, Sica G, Granata V, Saba L, Masala S, Scaglione M. Utility of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Clinical Conundra. Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Apr 7;14(7):775. doi:...
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