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Congress: ECR24
Poster Number: C-15178
Type: EPOS Radiologist (educational)
DOI: 10.26044/ecr2024/C-15178
Authorblock: M. d. O. Costa, J. Costa, R. Godeiro Costa, F. P. N. De Macêdo, M. Moreira Neto; Natal/RN - Brasil/BR
Disclosures:
Mariana de Oliveira Costa: Nothing to disclose
Juliana Costa: Nothing to disclose
Ricardo Godeiro Costa: Nothing to disclose
Francisco Pires Negromonte De Macêdo: Nothing to disclose
Manuel Moreira Neto: Nothing to disclose
Keywords: Haematologic, Musculoskeletal bone, Paediatric, CT, MR, Ultrasound, Education, Education and training, Haematologic diseases
Learning objectives To describe the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia.To identify imaging features suggestive of sickle cell anemia.
Read more Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy that results in the production of sickle-shaped red blood cells. These cells are less soluble than normal ones, making them prone to hemolysis and vaso-occlusive events. The primary features include hemolytic anemia and ischemia, leading to acute and chronic pain. In advanced stages, it can result in tissue infarction. Additionally, hyposplenism and ischemic tissue injuries increase the risk and severity of bacterial infections.
Read more Findings and procedure details The manifestations of the disease are expressed in the most diverse organs and systems, as detailed below: MUSCULOSKELETALOSTEONECROSIS: also known as aseptic necrosis or avascular necrosis, results from infarction of bone trabeculae; usually occurs in the femoral head, proximal humerus and vertebral bodies (known as H-shaped vertebrae). On radiographs they may appear as lytic or blastic areas.DACTYLITIS (hand-foot syndrome): edema and periosteal reaction on hands and feet due to ischemia, typically occurs in children.SUBPERIOSTEAL SPONTANEOUS HEMORRHAGEMARROW HYPERPLASIA (due to chronic anemia): ...
Read more Conclusion SCA is a complex multisystem disease that requires the radiologist to know and master its pathophysiology and clinical manifestations.
Read more References 1. Gladwin MT, Sachdev V. Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Sickle Cell Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology [Internet]. 2012 Mar;59(13):1123–33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3881188/ 2. Lonergan GJ, Cline DB, Abbondanzo SL. Sickle Cell Anemia. Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc [Internet]. 2001;21(4):971–94. Available from: https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiographics.21.4.g01jl23971 3. Ejindu VC, Hine AL, Mashayekhi M, Shorvon PJ, Misra RR. Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease. RadioGraphics. 2007 Jul;27(4):1005–21. 4. Leong CS, Stark P. Thoracic Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease. Journal...
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