The clinical and imaging data of 55 patients diagnosed with primary chyluria were retrospectively collected. Inclusion criteria: (1) Clinical manifestations were milky or milky urine, and urine chyle test was positive; (2) Accept CTL and MRL examination. Exclusion criteria: (1) secondary chyluria due to tumor, infection, surgery and trauma; (2) Patients with abnormal renal function indicated by laboratory examination; (3) Patients with incomplete clinical data or imaging data. Finally, 55 cases were enrolled. There were 24 males and 31 females, ranging in age from 11 to 79 years, with an average age of (44.5±19.3) years. The course of disease ranged from 1 week to 50 years. The clinical manifestations included milky or milky urine in 55 cases, accompanied by jelly like substances in 26 cases, hematuria in 14 cases, lumbago and lumbago in 5 cases, urgency and dysuria in 7 cases, dysuria in 10 cases, fever in 2 cases, fatigue in 6 cases, chest tightness or dyspnea in 7 cases, cough in 1 case, abdominal pain in 1 case, abdominal distension in 2 cases, diarrhea in 1 case. In all cases, there were 9 cases of lower limb lymphedema, 6 cases of lymphangioma, 8 cases of chylothorax, 3 cases of chyloabdomen, 1 case of chylopericardium, and 2 cases of chylovaginal fistula.The statistical indicators included:â‘ the morphology and dilatation of lymphatic vessels in the bilateral iliac, bilateral lumbar trunks, bilateral renal sinuses, bilateral bronchial mediastinal trunks, bilateral cervical trunks, bilateral subclavian trunks and thoracic duct; â‘¡ the abnormalities of lymphatic vessels in the urinary system, abdominopelvic,thoracic region and thoracic duct. Paired χ2 test was used to compare and analyze each index of CTL and MRL. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant difference.