The results are summarized in Figure 2, which compares the PD values for MD and RED across different tissue-equivalent materials under four conditions:

1. TSC without iMAR.
2. TSC with iMAR.
3. DD without iMAR.
4. DD with iMAR.

Key Findings

1. Baseline Performance Without iMAR:
   • The DirectDensity algorithm consistently produced lower PD values for both MD and RED compared to the TSC method, demonstrating its inherent robustness against metallic artifacts.
2. Effectiveness of iMAR:
   • The application of iMAR significantly reduced PD values for both TSC and DD methods. This improvement highlights the capability of iMAR to mitigate the impact of metallic artifacts on quantitative measurements.
3. Superior Performance of iMAR-DD Combination:
   • The combination of iMAR and DD achieved the lowest PD values for the majority of tissue-equivalent materials tested, including soft tissues and adipose tissue. This underscores the complementary strengths of iMAR in reducing artifacts and DD in accurately reconstructing density-based images.
4. Exception for Cortical Bone:
   • For cortical bone, the PD reduction with iMAR was less pronounced. This finding suggests that high-density materials may interact differently with artifact reduction algorithms, warranting further investigation.