Abdominopelvic vascular compression syndromes occur when anatomical structures compress blood vessels or hollow organs. While often asymptomatic, they can lead to rare conditions like median arcuate ligament syndrome, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, May-Thurner syndrome, and nutcracker syndrome. Symptoms may include pain, nausea, weight loss, or urinary issues. Imaging techniques, such as CT or ultrasound, are crucial for diagnosis, though clinical symptoms must align with radiological findings. While endovascular treatments are emerging, surgery remains the preferred option for severe cases.