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Congress: ECR24
Poster Number: C-16220
Type: EPOS Radiologist (educational)
DOI: 10.26044/ecr2024/C-16220
Authorblock: D. Castanedo Vázquez, E. Marco De Lucas, R. Sutil-Berjón, E. Marín Díez, M. Drake Perez, J. García Poza, S. Revuelta Gómez, Á. Sánchez Mulas; Santander/ES
Disclosures:
David Castanedo Vázquez: Nothing to disclose
Enrique Marco De Lucas: Nothing to disclose
Rodrigo Sutil-Berjón: Nothing to disclose
Elena Marín Díez: Nothing to disclose
Marta Drake Perez: Nothing to disclose
Javier García Poza: Nothing to disclose
Silvia Revuelta Gómez: Nothing to disclose
Álvaro Sánchez Mulas: Nothing to disclose
Keywords: Neuroradiology brain, CT, MR, Complications, Abscess, Infection
Learning objectives To highlight the diagnostic pearls to properly recognize CNS infections. To showcase the differential diagnosis of the main CNS infections. To provide a pictorial review with the most typical findings of common and uncommon infections, ranging from bacteria, to viruses, fungi and parasites.
Read more Background CNS infections are a rather serious condition, with high morbimortality. Early diagnosis is key to a good prognosis. There are many radiological appearances. Through clinical cases, we will cover the most important radiological manifestations of CNS infections. 
Read more Findings and procedure details 1) MENINGITIS Most do not show any remarkable findings. In any case, MRI is more sensitive. When present, the most common is leptomeningeal enhancement (Fig. 1), which ought to be distinguished from pachymeningeal enhancement (Fig. 2). There are some others (Fig. 3): presence of purulent exudate in the subarachnoid space. signs of expansivity. a slight dilatation of the ventricular system. acute sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis and/or petrositis.  Complications of acute meningitis: Acute hydrocephalus: may be communicating, as described above, or non communicating (Fig. 4).  Empyemas: can be subdural or...
Read more Conclusion Most of the meningitis do not show remarkable findings. If they do, the most frequent are: leptomeningeal enhancement, presence of purulent exudate in the subarachnoid space, effacement of brain sulci and basal cisterns and incipient dilatation of the ventricular system. The main complications of acute meningitis are: acute hydrocephalus, extra-axial collections, cranial nerve involvement, venous infarcts, arterial ischemic infarcts secondary to vasculopathy, ventriculitis and extension to the cerebral parenchyma. Pyogenic brain abcesses typically show contrast uptake in the peryphery, diffusion restriction in...
Read more References Hughes DC et al: Role of imaging in the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis and its complications. Postgrad MED J. 86(1018):478-85,2010. Erdogan E et al: Pyogenic brain abscess. Neurosurg Focus. 24(6):E2, 2008. Mullins ME: Emergent neuroimaging of intracranial infection/inflammation. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(1):47- 62.2011. Chou PS et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: a forgotten diagnosis. Neurologist. 18(4):219-22, 2012. Lim T. Imaging CNS Infection. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2023 Feb;33(1). Ebdell R et al: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis. BMJ. 344:e3630, 2012.  Gupta RK et al: Imaging...
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