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Congress: ECR25
Poster Number: C-23987
Type: Poster: EPOS Radiologist (educational)
Authorblock: M. Begerano Fayos, M. D. Sánchez Valverde, L. Perez Rodriguez; San Juan de Alicante/ES
Disclosures:
María Begerano Fayos: Nothing to disclose
María Dolores Sánchez Valverde: Nothing to disclose
Lourdes Perez Rodriguez: Nothing to disclose
Keywords: Lung, CT, Chemotherapy, Education, Drugs / Reactions, Toxicity
Learning objectives The aim of this study is to review the key characteristics of drug-induced interstitial lung disease, with a particular focus on pulmonary toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents. We will conduct a review of its clinical presentation spectrum, as well as its radiological manifestations in computed tomography (CT). Additionally, we will review cases from our centre to exemplify this condition.
Read more Background Introduction: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DI-ILD) encompasses a broad spectrum of adverse effects secondary to multiple drugs, including chemotherapeutic agents. It is characterised by non-specific clinical, radiological, and histological manifestations, secondary to inflammation and/or fibrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma [1]. Its diagnosis presents a considerable challenge, as the patterns of clinical, radiological, and histopathological presentation can vary significantly from one drug to another, and even among patients on the same drug [2]. The incidence of DI-ILD is increasing due to the growing...
Read more Findings and procedure details Radiological Findings: The radiological patterns observed on CT can be as follows [5]:  Organising Pneumonia Pattern: This is the most common form of DI-ILD. It represents a type of acute pulmonary damage that is histopathologically characterised by interstitial inflammation and excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within the terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Bilateral, multifocal, peripheral ground-glass opacities and/or consolidation areas with a predominance in basal regions are observed. It may also present as ground-glass opacities with a peripheral consolidation halo (atoll sign), which...
Read more Conclusion Drug-induced pulmonary toxicity encompasses a broad spectrum of both clinical presentation and radiological patterns. Maintaining a high level of suspicion is crucial for early diagnosis, as well as establishing a correlation with the administration of potentially causative drugs and the clinical context. Generally, treatment will involve discontinuation of the drug and the administration of corticosteroids, along with symptomatic management of the patient.
Read more References Conte P, Ascierto PA, Patelli G, Danesi R, Vanzulli A, Sandomenico F, et al. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease during cancer therapies: expert opinion on diagnosis and treatment. Vol. 7, ESMO Open. Elsevier B.V.; 2022. Skeoch S, Weatherley N, Swift AJ, Oldroyd A, Johns C, Hayton C, et al. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: A systematic review. Vol. 7, Journal of Clinical Medicine. MDPI; 2018. Spagnolo P, Bonniaud P, Rossi G, Sverzellati N, Cottin V. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease. Vol. 60, European Respiratory Journal....
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