The prognosis of Austrian syndrome largely depends on early diagnosis and timely treatment. Early identification through imaging studies, complemented by microbiological confirmation and clinical evaluation, is essential for initiating targeted antimicrobial therapy and considering surgical interventions when necessary.

This study presents a detailed guide with representative examples of characteristic radiological findings in these patients, including their imaging descriptions and the diagnostic performance of each modality. It concludes that contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is the most sensitive and specific modality for the early detection of neurological involvement. Pulmonary involvement can be identified through less complex studies, such as plain chest radiography, while cardiovascular involvement is best detected using transthoracic echocardiography. However, PET-CT may provide valuable additional information to optimize medical management.

Despite therapeutic advancements, the associated mortality rate remains high, highlighting the importance of clinical suspicion and the efficient use of available diagnostic tools. In conclusion, the successful management of Austrian syndrome requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates clinical expertise with the strategic use of advanced imaging techniques and early antimicrobial therapy, tailored to the specific characteristics of each patient.