In some countries, community access to breast cancer (BC) screening services can be limited for high costs or inaccessibility of fixed clinics, especially in underserved rural areas. To overcome these limitations, care providers introduced mobile mammography units (MMUs): vans or other travelling clinics staffed by healthcare workers and outfitted with equipment for early detection. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and outcomes of MMUs compared to fixed ones in a BC screening program. This evaluation focused on accessibility, diagnostic outcomes, and challenges, with the goal of identifying the benefits and limitations of MMUs in addressing disparities in screening accessibility, particularly in rural areas of Southern Italy.