We have demonstrated two practical MRI methods for generating BW-CT-like images that provide diagnostic-quality visualisation of the mineralised bone matrix. In some patients, DL VIBE sequences enhanced the conspicuity of lytic bone deposits compared to BW-CT. Fusing diffusion weighted images with a b-value of 900 s/mm2 (b900) and DL VIBE sequences further improved lesion conspicuity.
Free-breathing DL VIBE produces sharp BW-CT-like images with good SNR and comparable resolution. While further optimisation of acquisition time is needed, it appears best suited for region-specific imaging.
When combined with time-efficient DL-enhanced diffusion-weighted imaging, whole-body range breath-hold DL VIBE can be incorporated as an additional sequence in WB-MRI without extending the total examination time.
The combination of pseudo-CT images with b900 images enables the detection of a potentially new bone metastasis phenotype (b900(+)PseudoCT(-)), and its prognostic significance is currently under investigation.