Methods: A comprehensive literature search was executed utilizing databases such as PubMed and Embase to identify pertinent articles published from their inception up to the year 2024. The search was guided by keywords including "Segmental Arterial Mediolysis," "SAM," "arterial dissection," "aneurysm," and "vascular abnormalities." The criteria for inclusion encompassed clinical case reports, case series, retrospective studies, and imaging reviews specifically related to Segmental Arterial Mediolysis. Institutional cases were subjected to retrospective review for the diagnosis of non-atherosclerotic abdominal vasculopathy, which included arterial stenosis, wall thickening, dissection, aneurysm, inflammation, or pseudoaneurysm involving the renal, celiac, hepatic, splenic, gastric, or mesenteric arteries. The imaging modality predominantly reviewed in this analysis was CT angiography.