In this study, we proposed an algorithm to generate effective atomic number images using PCCT and demonstrated its application to human identification in forensic dentistry. The systematic uncertainty of our algorithm to derive Zeff images from VMIs was determined to be Zeff +/-0.40. Zeff values of dental materials obtained by PCCT were consistent with those obtained by DECT. Analysis utilizing the Zeff value, which is independent of the imaging device, can provide an important quantitative indicator for the identification and/or discrimination of artificial dental materials.
Using ERPCD, quantitative images such as Zeff images can be generated. These will be actively used in clinical practice in the near future, providing valuable additional diagnostic information in X-ray diagnosis.