Liposarcoma is a heterogeneous group of soft tissue sarcomas originating from adipose tissue. They are the second most common soft tissue sarcomas, with various histological subtypes and imaging characteristics. They typically manifest as painless, slow-growing soft tissue masses and can affect individuals across a wide age range, predominantly occurring in middle-aged and older individuals depending on the histological subtype, without significant gender predominance. They are extremely rare in children. Liposarcoma most commonly arise in the extremities, retroperitoneum, and abdomen. Clinical examination often reveals a palpable mass, and symptoms may vary depending on the tumor's location and size. Liposarcomas are usually discovered incidentally during imaging studies performed for unrelated reasons.

Liposarcomas encompass several histological subtypes:

• Well-Differentiated Liposarcomas (WDL), also known as atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT), are locally aggressive adipocytic soft tissue neoplasms and are the most common form of liposarcomas, accounting for 40-45% of cases. They constitute the largest subgroup of adipocyte malignancies and mostly occur in adults with a peak incidence in the 30s and 40s. They are extremely rare in childhood. Inguinal lesions are more common in men; otherwise, there is no gender predominance. They commonly involve the deep soft tissues, particularly of the proximal extremities and trunk. Subtypes of well-differentiated liposarcomas include lipoma-like liposarcoma, sclerosing liposarcoma, and inflammatory liposarcoma.
• Myxoid Liposarcoma is the second most common subtype, characterized by a myxoid stroma with scattered lipoblasts, and typically arises from the intermuscular fascial planes or deep-seated areas. They most commonly occur in the lower extremities, particularly the thigh.
• Pleomorphic Liposarcomas are a high-grade subtype characterized by marked cellular pleomorphism and atypical lipoblasts. They most commonly occur in the 7th decade of life, with men slightly more frequently affected. The most frequent sites of involvement are the extremities, with the lower limbs being more commonly affected
• Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas are malignant adipocytic soft tissue neoplasms that have progressed from primary or recurrent well-differentiated liposarcomas, characterized by a much higher rate of recurrence, metastasis, and overall mortality. They most commonly occur in the 7th decade of life, with women and men being equally affected. They most frequently involve the retroperitoneum and less frequently the deep soft tissue locations of the extremities and other body regions such as the head/neck region, the paratesticular area, or the mediastinum.