CT evaluation and characterization of prevascular mediastinal tumors plays a pivotal role in diagnosis and also in guiding the treatment. Diagnostic pitfalls and atypical presentations can complicate this process, leading to potential misinterpretations. To avoid errors and ensure accurate diagnosis is important to recognize the diverse imaging features, understand tumor behavior, and correlate findings with clinical data. Understanding the roles and limitations of various imaging modalities is helpful in the evaluation of mediastinal masses.