A cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic survey distributed between August and October 2024 among radiography students from four universities across different European Cuntries (Italy, Norway, Poland, and Portugal). A total of 186 valid responses were collected, distributed as follows: Italy (41), Norway (6), Poland (89), and Portugal (50).
The survey included 38 multiple-choice questions and one open-ended question. Responses were collected using a 4-point Likert scale (Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree), avoiding neutral responses to better capture students’ positions on AI-related topics.
The 38 multiple-choice questions were divided into four key sections:
- Student general information – Including demographic data, academic background and computer literacy level.
- Perceptions towards AI – Adapted from validated surveys (Buabbas et al., 2023; Alghamdi & Alashban, 2024), assessing students' attitudes, perceived benefits and concerns regarding AI in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy.
- Impact of AI on medical education and willingness to use It – Evaluating students’ perspectives on AI integration in curricula, its potential to enhance learning and future applications in clinical practice.
- AI course expectations – Based on previous research (Petrescu et al., 2023), exploring preferred AI training methods, perceived barriers and expectations for AI-related coursework.
The final open-ended question allowed students to share additional insights or concerns regarding AI in their education and future practice.